神马视频久久_男人在线观看网站_777在线视频_狼人色_欧美在线欧美_肉色超薄丝袜脚交_男人进入女人下部图_日日摸夜夜_国产成人精品亚洲日本在线_日韩不卡手机视频在线观看_亚洲精品www久久久久久_国产粗话肉麻对白在线播放_人妻激情另类乱人伦人妻_在线观看精品视频网站_国产精品99一区二区_日韩新无码精品毛片_国产精品欧美一区二区三区奶水_国产精品 日韩精品_国产精品美女一区二区_黄色亚洲免费




關(guān)閉
今日支付寶掃碼大紅包
當(dāng)前位置: 培訓(xùn)一點(diǎn)通 > 新聞資訊

德國(guó)大學(xué)考試請(qǐng)病假,或侵犯隱私?附德國(guó)大學(xué)排名

更新時(shí)間:2025-09-06 11:50:37發(fā)布時(shí)間:2023-03-23 08:38:42

  去德國(guó)大學(xué)留學(xué)也是一個(gè)很不錯(cuò)的選擇,今天出國(guó)留學(xué)小編就給大家介紹德國(guó)大學(xué)考試請(qǐng)病假,或侵犯隱私?附德國(guó)大學(xué)排名,如果對(duì)這個(gè)話題感興趣的話,歡迎點(diǎn)擊出國(guó)留學(xué)網(wǎng)。

  德國(guó)大學(xué)考試請(qǐng)病假,或侵犯隱私?

  在德國(guó)留學(xué),如果期末考試那會(huì)兒生病了希望請(qǐng)病假,那么按照規(guī)定:你必須向醫(yī)生申請(qǐng)出具一份不能參加考試的證明。

  最近,德國(guó)薩克森州學(xué)生機(jī)構(gòu)會(huì)議(Konferenz der S?chsischen Studierendenschaften,  KSS)認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)規(guī)定侵犯了隱私,并要求在新的《高等教育法》中進(jìn)行修訂。

  按照德國(guó)的請(qǐng)假政策,通常需要一張醫(yī)生開(kāi)具的 Arbeitsunf?higkeitsbescheinigung(無(wú)工作能力證明,簡(jiǎn)稱 AU )作為“病假條”來(lái)請(qǐng)假。不過(guò),隨著今年1月1日起,電子無(wú)工作能力證明(eAU)的引入,雇員再也不需要向其雇主提交紙質(zhì)證明。

  然而,德國(guó)的大學(xué)生們并沒(méi)有受到這項(xiàng)政策的影響:他們?nèi)匀恍枰蜥t(yī)生申請(qǐng)一份紙質(zhì)的“無(wú)能力考試證明”(Prüfungsunf?higkeitsbescheinigungen)。

  然而,法律上不允許將病假條(Krankenscheine)作為無(wú)能力參加考試的證明。因此,越來(lái)越多的大學(xué)和學(xué)院規(guī)定:

  在病假條之外,退出考試的必須要合格的醫(yī)療證明,上面需要說(shuō)明具體的臨床情況,醫(yī)生對(duì)病情的診斷情況等等。

  比如:萊比錫大學(xué)神學(xué)院的考試無(wú)能力證明要求中寫道:

  “學(xué)生(......)有義務(wù)公開(kāi)他們的癥狀,以確定他們的考試無(wú)能力,如果有必要,可以免除治療他們的醫(yī)生的醫(yī)療保密義務(wù)。”

  Studierende sind (…) dazu verpflichtet, zur Feststellung der Prüfungsunf?higkeit ihre Beschwerden offen zu legen und hierzu erforderlichenfalls die/den behandelnde/n ?rztin/Arzt von ihrer/seiner ?rztlichen Schweigepflicht entbinden.

  萊比錫大學(xué)

  Bescheinigung zur Prüfungsunf?higkeit (?rztliches Attest)

  德累斯頓工業(yè)大學(xué)(TU Dresden)計(jì)算機(jī)系也有類似的要求,校方表示,學(xué)生必須可信地證明他們的健康損害。

  “為此,他/她需要一份醫(yī)療證明——如有必要,解除他/她的醫(yī)療保密義務(wù)——這可以讓考試委員會(huì)回答是否存在無(wú)法參加考試的法律問(wèn)題。”

  Zu diesem Zweck ben?tigt sie/er – erforderlichenfalls insoweit unter Entbindung von der ?rztlichen Schweigepflicht – ein ?rztliches Attest, das es dem Prüfungsausschuss erlaubt, (…) die Rechtsfrage zu beantworten, ob eine Prüfungsunf?higkeit vorliegt.

  對(duì)此,德國(guó)薩克森州學(xué)生機(jī)構(gòu)會(huì)議(Konferenz der S?chsischen Studierendenschaften,  KSS)大學(xué)政策官員 Paul Steinbrecher 表示:“我們強(qiáng)烈批評(píng)這種對(duì)學(xué)生隱私的侵犯”。

  Wir kritisieren diesen Eingriff in die Privatsph?re Studierender scharf.

  “我們感到非常震驚,對(duì)學(xué)生和其治療醫(yī)生的信任如此之少,甚至連醫(yī)療保密義務(wù)都要打破。癥狀和診斷屬于最私密的個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)。”

  一張病假條不夠,還需要提交醫(yī)學(xué)證明才能考試請(qǐng)假。Paul Steinbrecher 表示:“在我們看來(lái),除非是醫(yī)學(xué)系,考試委員會(huì)的成員幾乎沒(méi)有權(quán)力決定學(xué)生目前的疾病是否導(dǎo)致無(wú)法參加考試。在這里,應(yīng)該相信醫(yī)生的評(píng)估!”

  對(duì)此,薩克森州政府已經(jīng)做出了回應(yīng):州議會(huì)目前正在就《薩克森州高等教育法》的修正案進(jìn)行辯論。此外,科學(xué)部也宣布將審查目前大學(xué)無(wú)法參加考試的請(qǐng)假程序。

  德國(guó)大學(xué)排名如下:

  1、慕尼黑大學(xué)。

  成立于1472年,是德國(guó)歷史最悠久的大學(xué)之一,是德國(guó)TOP1名校,也是歐洲傳統(tǒng)類高校中的典型,教學(xué)非常注重培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的綜合能力。

  2、海德堡大學(xué)。

  是德國(guó)最古老的大學(xué),也是神圣羅馬帝國(guó)繼布拉格和維也納之后開(kāi)設(shè)的第三所大學(xué)。十六世紀(jì)的下半葉,海德堡大學(xué)就成為歐洲科學(xué)文化的中心。

  3、柏林洪堡大學(xué)。

  是第一所新制的大學(xué),擁有十分輝煌的歷史,對(duì)于歐洲乃至于全世界的影響都相當(dāng)深遠(yuǎn)。柏林洪堡大學(xué)2012年6月入選為11所德國(guó)“精英大學(xué)”之一。

  4、慕尼黑工業(yè)大學(xué)。

  坐落于德國(guó)南部巴伐利亞州(拜恩州)首府慕尼黑,是歐洲工業(yè)革命以來(lái)歷史最悠久和最有名望的科技大學(xué)之一,國(guó)際科技大學(xué)聯(lián)盟成員之一。

  5、柏林自由大學(xué)。

  創(chuàng)建于1948年,前身為柏林大學(xué),主校址位于柏林Dahlem,是德國(guó)首都規(guī)模最大的文理科綜合性大學(xué)。

  6、波恩大學(xué)。

  全稱萊茵弗里德里希威廉波恩大學(xué),位于德國(guó)北萊茵-威斯特州波恩,是一所德國(guó)一流、世界著名的高等學(xué)府,世界百?gòu)?qiáng)大學(xué),德國(guó)精英大學(xué)、U15大學(xué)聯(lián)盟、Europaeum成員。作為德國(guó)規(guī)模最大的綜合性大學(xué)之一,其前身是創(chuàng)建于1777年的科隆公國(guó)學(xué)院。



相關(guān)信息:

本網(wǎng)聲明

1.本網(wǎng)信息僅供參考,為降低投資風(fēng)險(xiǎn),建議您在學(xué)習(xí)投資前多做考察咨詢、多對(duì)比分析。具體信息請(qǐng)以該品牌官方信息為準(zhǔn)。

2.本網(wǎng)信息來(lái)源于網(wǎng)絡(luò),本網(wǎng)對(duì)此不承擔(dān)任何相關(guān)連帶責(zé)任。

3.本網(wǎng)對(duì)任何包含、經(jīng)由、鏈接、下載;或從任何與本網(wǎng)站有關(guān)服務(wù)所獲得的資訊、內(nèi)容或廣告,不聲明或保證其內(nèi)容的正確性、真實(shí)性或可靠性;并且對(duì)于您通過(guò)我方平臺(tái)廣告、資訊或要約而展示、購(gòu)買或取得的任何產(chǎn)品、資訊或資料,本網(wǎng)站亦不負(fù)品質(zhì)保證的責(zé)任。您與此接受并承認(rèn)信賴任何信息所產(chǎn)生之風(fēng)險(xiǎn)應(yīng)自行承擔(dān),本網(wǎng)對(duì)任何使用或提供本網(wǎng)站信息的商業(yè)活動(dòng)及其風(fēng)險(xiǎn)不承擔(dān)任何責(zé)任。

4.關(guān)于網(wǎng)站極限詞失效協(xié)議:本網(wǎng)站全力支持關(guān)于《中華人民共和國(guó)廣告法》實(shí)施的“極限化違禁詞”相關(guān)規(guī)定,且已竭力規(guī)避使用“違禁詞”。故即日起凡本網(wǎng)站任意頁(yè)面含有極限化“違禁詞”介紹的文字或圖片,一律非本網(wǎng)站主觀意愿并即刻失效,不可用于客戶任何行為的參考依據(jù)。凡訪客訪問(wèn)本網(wǎng)站,均表示認(rèn)同此條約!感謝配合!

5.本網(wǎng)所有信息均來(lái)源于網(wǎng)絡(luò),如您發(fā)現(xiàn)頁(yè)面有任何違法或侵權(quán)信息,歡迎向本網(wǎng)舉報(bào)并提供有效線索,我們將認(rèn)真核查、及時(shí)處理。溝通熱線:13309699841

熱門專題
備案號(hào):皖I(lǐng)CP備18000787號(hào)-5
備案查詢地址:工業(yè)和信息化部備案管理系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)站
主站蜘蛛池模板: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |